Discovering Veliko Tarnovo: Bulgaria’s Medieval Capital

Veliko Tarnovo, often referred to as the “City of the Tsars,” is one of Bulgaria’s most historic and picturesque cities. Perched on the banks of the Yantra River, this former medieval capital boasts a rich history, stunning architecture, and breathtaking landscapes. With its fortress walls, cobbled streets, and hilltop monasteries, Veliko Tarnovo offers a journey back in time to the glory days of the Second Bulgarian Empire. Here’s why Veliko Tarnovo is a must-visit for anyone exploring the cultural heritage of Bulgaria.

1. Tsarevets Fortress

The Tsarevets Fortress is the crown jewel of Veliko Tarnovo. This formidable medieval stronghold served as the center of Bulgarian politics, religion, and culture during the Second Bulgarian Empire. Visitors can explore the remains of the royal palace, the Patriarchate, and the towering Baldwin’s Tower. The fortress also hosts “Sound and Light,” a spectacular audio-visual show that illuminates the fortress walls, recounting the history of the Bulgarian tsars with lights, music, and church bells.

2. The Old Town

The Old Town of Veliko Tarnovo, with its meandering lanes and beautifully preserved Revival-period houses, offers a charming glimpse into Bulgaria’s past. The Samovodska Charshiya is the traditional craftsmen’s street, where visitors can watch artisans at work and purchase handmade jewelry, ceramics, and textiles. The area is also home to numerous art galleries, museums, and the historic Church of St. Demetrius.

3. Asen’s Monument

Overlooking the Yantra River, Asen’s Monument is a striking tribute to the Asen and Peter brothers, founders of the Second Bulgarian Empire. The monument is a popular spot for panoramic views of the city and the surrounding countryside.

4. Arbanasi Village

Just a short drive from Veliko Tarnovo, the village of Arbanasi offers well-preserved 17th and 18th-century houses and churches, showcasing richly decorated interiors and intricate frescoes. The Nativity Church and the Konstantsalieva House are highlights, providing insight into the lifestyle of wealthy Bulgarian merchants and craftsmen.

5. Preobrazhenski Monastery

The Preobrazhenski Monastery, located a few kilometers from Veliko Tarnovo, is one of Bulgaria’s most significant and beautiful monasteries. Set against a backdrop of rocky cliffs, the monastery’s main church is adorned with stunning murals by the famous Bulgarian artist Zahari Zograf.

6. The Yantra River

The meandering Yantra River adds to the scenic beauty of Veliko Tarnovo. Walking along the riverbank or crossing one of the city’s bridges offers picturesque views of the Old Town perched on the hills above. River cruises provide a different perspective on the city’s historic sites and lush landscapes.

7. Trapezitsa Fortress

Opposite the Tsarevets hill, the Trapezitsa Fortress served as a royal residence and an important administrative and religious center. Recent archaeological excavations have uncovered beautifully preserved churches, offering a glimpse into the fortress’s past splendor.

8. Culinary Delights

Veliko Tarnovo’s culinary scene reflects the region’s rich history and agricultural bounty. Traditional Bulgarian taverns, known as “mehanas,” serve local specialties such as “kapama,” “gjuvec,” and the famous Bulgarian yogurt. The city’s cafes and restaurants offer terraces with stunning views, perfect for enjoying a meal or a drink.

9. Festivals and Cultural Events

The city hosts numerous festivals and cultural events throughout the year, celebrating everything from medieval history to contemporary arts. The Veliko Tarnovo International Folklore Festival and the Stage of the Ages Opera Festival are highlights, drawing performers and audiences from around the world.

Visiting Veliko Tarnovo is an immersive experience that combines the allure of medieval history with the vibrancy of modern Bulgarian culture. Whether exploring ancient fortresses, wandering through historic streets, or enjoying the natural beauty of the Yantra River, Veliko Tarnovo promises unforgettable memories and insights into Bulgaria’s rich heritage.